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As Renaissance Art styles of the 15th century spread from Italy to the northern European countries, they adapted and changed to accommodate local artistic preferences and cultural ideals. The Protestant Reformation in the Netherlands influenced a shift away from religious paintings while portraiture and genre paintings, or scenes of everyday life, grew in popularity. A focused attention to detail coupled with a sense of realism in the depiction of subjects brought about naturalism within Northern European paintings.
The art of Flanders (historically an area including and surrounding present-day Belgium) displays a robust materialism and technical achievement, with Flemish artists being among the first to use oil paints. Flemish art flourished from the late 15th century through the Baroque period of the 17th century. It witnessed the rise of a number of popular artists whose work was desired well beyond their country’s boundaries and thus had a broad influence. In , Holland experienced the “Golden Age of Dutch Art,” a period that displayed numerous specialized categories of paintings. In addition to portraits and historical scenes, there appeared popular scenes of peasant life, townscapes, pastoral landscapes, still lifes and maritime paintings, among others. - Charles Mo, Director of Fine Art at The Mint Museum
Online resources about the Northern European Renaissance:
Part 1 of a 6 part series of BBC Documentary "Northern Renaissance: A Supreme Art". Parts two, three, four, five and six are also available.
Painting in Oil in the Low Countries and Its Spread to Southern Europe. Oil paints were initially created in Northern Europe. Netherlandish Painters were the first to bring it to the attention of Southern Europe, bringing about the dominance of the use of oil paints by the 16th century.
The Printed Image in the West. The history of printmaking and how it affected art, from its invention through the Renaissance.
Wikipedia pages of general information about the society during the Northern Renaissance and the Renaissance in the Low Countries (modern day Belguim, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and parts of western Germany and Northern France).
Selected Online and Print Resources on Featured Artists:
MARCO search, the Library of the Mint Museum carries many books on the School of Peter Paul Rubens. A select portion can be found here, this is not a complete listing.
